STVL - 13 - குருதிவளிக்காவியின் (ஹீமோகுளோபின்) சிறந்த பிராணவாயு அமிலச்செறிவுமாறா செயல்பாடு

Title: Understanding the excellent oxygen-buffering function of hemoglobin.

 குருதிவளிக்காவியின் (ஹீமோகுளோபின்)  சிறந்த பிராணவாயு அமிலச்செறிவுமாறா செயல்பாடு 

Authors: Student Name, Faculty of the Institute Name, Dr.M.Semmal

Affiliations:

Student Name, ______ year Student, _________ Course

Name of the Faculty of the Institute ____________

Name of Institute___________________

Dr.M.Semmal, Managing Director, MM Scientific Tamil Foundation

Source of Material: Handbook of Sports Medicine for the Indian Physical Education Students by Dr.M.Semmal


        Cells are the basic living unit of the body; every organ is an aggregate of many different cells held together by intercellular supporting structures. Each cell type is specially adapted to perform one or a few particular functions. The red blood cells, numbering 25 trillion in each human being, transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, even as the red cells are the most abundant of any single type of cell in the body, there are about 75 trillion additional cells of other types that perform functions different from those of the red cell, thus the entire body, contains about 100 trillion cells.

     Due to the fact that oxygen is one of the major substances required for chemical reactions in the cells, the body has a special control mechanism to maintain an almost exact and constant oxygen concentration in the extracellular fluid. This mechanism depends principally on the chemical characteristics of hemoglobin, which is present in all red blood cells. Hemoglobin combines with oxygen as the blood passes through the lungs, as the blood passes through the tissue capillaries, hemoglobin, because of its own strong chemical affinity for oxygen, does not release oxygen into the tissue fluid if too much oxygen is already there. But if the oxygen concentration in the tissue fluid is too low, sufficient oxygen is released to re-establish an adequate concentration. Thus, regulation of oxygen concentration in the tissues is vested principally in the chemical characteristics of hemoglobin itself, this mechanism is aptly called as the  oxygen-buffering function of hemoglobin.

        Carbon dioxide concentration in the extracellular fluid is regulated in a much different way. Carbon dioxide is a major end product of the oxidative reactions in cells. If all the carbon dioxide formed in the cells continued to accumulate in the tissue fluids, all energy-giving reactions of the cells would cease. Fortunately, a higher than normal carbon dioxide concentration in the blood excites the respiratory center, causing a person to breathe rapidly and deeply. This increases expiration of carbon dioxide and, therefore, removes excess carbon dioxide from the blood and tissue fluids. This process continues until the concentration returns to normal.